ძროხის რძის პროდუქტიულობაზე მოქმედი 7 ფაქტორი
რძis wamoeba mxolod dzroxis jishsa an genetikur potencialze ar aris damokidebuli. cxovelta dRiuri miRebuli energia, proteini, kaba yem, wyali da mineraluri balansi, aseve movlisa da welvis marTva pirdapir moqmedebs rdzis warmoebaze.
maRali rdzis warmunobis mnxovne sawoarmoebshi mizani ar aris mxolod dzroxisTvis ufro meti yem-is micema; misi saWiro niviTerebebis swori simkvrivisa da balansebuli formiT miwodebaa.
ai rdzis warmunobaze momqmedi 7 ZiriTadi faqtor:
1. racionis energiisa da proteinis balansi
sardze dzroxas rdzis warmoebisTvis sWirdeba sakmarisi energia da gamoyenebadi proteini. tu energia sakmarisia, magram proteini ar aris sakmarisi, rdzis warmoebas da gansakuTrebiT rdzis proteins SeiZleba uaryofiTi gavlena hqondes.
amitom racionis Sedgenisas mxolod ham protein procentze dakvirveba sakmarisi ar aris. proteinis raodenobasTan erTad, rumenSi misi daSlebadoba, metabolizebadi proteinis raodenoba da energiasTan balansi mnishvnelovania.
2. maRalkoncetrirebul proteinuli yem-is gamoyeneba
maRali rdzis warmunobis mqone dzroxebshi dRiuri sakvebi niviTerebebis saWiroebebi sakmaod maRalia. gansakuTeBiT im periodebshi, rodesac yem-is moxmareba uWirs cxovelis saWiroebis dakmayofilebas, racionis sakvebi niviTerebis simkvrivis gazrda mnishvnelovania.
am momentshi intensivuri koncentrirebul proteinuli yem-ebi exmareba racions ufro naklebi raodenobis yem-iT ufro maRali donis proteinisa da sxva saWiro sakvebi niviTerebis miRebaSi.
magram aq mnishvnelovania is, rom maRalproteinuli yem-is marto gazrda ar aris sakmarisi. koncentrirebul proteinul yem-s unda SevxedoT energiawyaroebis, kaba yem-isa da mineraluri balansis erTad.
3. kaba yem-is xarisxi
sardze dzroxis racionSi xarisxiani kaba yem didi mnishvnelobiT gamoirCeva.
xarisxiani simindis silaji, yonca da sxva sesamlo kaba yem-ebi exmareba rumenis jansaRi mdgomareobis SenarCunebas, ceviss daRwevis gagrZelebasa da racionis sworad afasebas.
yvelaze ZviradRirebuli yem-ic ki, dabali xarisxis kaba yem-Tan erTad gamoyenebisas, mosalodnel Sedegebs ver mogvcems.
4. mSrali niviTerebis moxmareba
imaze ufro mnishvnelovania ara is, Tu ramdeni yem-i chaWama dzroxam dRes, aramed is, Tu ramdeni mSrali niviTerea miRebuli am yem-iT.
magaliTad, roca didi raodenobiT wyalis Semcveli yem-i da mSrali niviTerebis maRali procentis mqone yem-i imave raodenobiT trdeba, cxovelisTvis miwodebuli sakvebi niviTerebi ar iqneba erTnairi.
amitom maRali rdzis warmunobis miznisas mSrali niviTerebis moxmarebasa da racionis sakvebi niviTerebis simkvrives erTad unda SevxedoT.
5. sufTa da sakmarisi wyali
rdzis mniSvnelovan nawils wyali Seadgens. amitom sardze dzroxis win dRis ganmavlobaSi unda iyos sufTa da advilad misawvdomi wyali.
gansakuTrebiT cxel dReebSi wyalis moxmarebis ukmarisobam SeiZleba uaryofiTad imoqmedos yem-is moxmarebasa da Sesabamisad rdzis warmunobaze.
Tu ki martivad Cans, sufTa wyali maRali rdzis warmunobis erT-erTi ZiriTadi pirobaa.
6. mineraluri da vitaminuri balansi
kalsiumi, fosfori, magniumi, sodio da sxva mineralebi da vitaminebi rdzis warmoebis, imunuri sistemis, ganyofieri da zogadi metabolizmisTvis mnishvnelovania.
gansakuTrebiT maRalwarmunobian cxovelebshi mineraluri balansis ugeblebelyofam SeiZleba gamoiwivos shedegis dakargva.
amitom racionis shefasebisas mxolod energia da proteini ki ara, aramed mineraluri da vitaminuri saWiroebebic unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli.
7. welva, stresisa da sadguris marTva
dzroxis genetikuri potenciali da racioni ramdenad kargic ar unda iyos, cudma marTvam SeiZleba SezRudos rdzis warmunoba.
Zlieri sicxe, arsakmarisi ventilacia, xalxiani sadguri, sakveb-gamoSvebis xangrZlivi ararseboba, uregulo welva da stress-faqtorebi SeiZleba uaryofiTad imoqmedos cxovelis yem-is moxmarebasa da rdzis warmoebaze.
amitom maRali rdzis warmunobisTvis kargi racioni + kargi movla + kargi jaris marTva erTad unda iqnas gamoyenebuli.
Sedegebi: ara ufro meti yem-i, aramed ufro swori kveba
rdzis warmoebaSi warmateba მიიღgweva ara imiT, rom dzroxis win rac SeiZleba meti yem-i davdoT, aramed cxovelis saWiroebebis shesabamisi balansebuli da intensivuri racionis sheqmniT.
gansakuTrebiT maRali rdzis warmunobis mqone dzroxebshi racionis proteinisa da energias simkvrivis sworad dawyoba didi mnishvnelobiT gamoirCeva. intensivuri koncentrirebul proteinuli yem-ebi swori kaba yem-isa da energiawyaroebis erTad gamoyenebisas exmareba racionis sakvebi niviTerebis simkvrivis gazrdas.
radgan TiToeuli sawoarmos cxovelis jishi, cocxali wona, rdzis warmunoba, laktaciis periodi da gamoyenebuli kaba yem-ebi gansxvavdeba, yvelaze swori shedegisTvis racioni cxovelisTvis individualurad unda iqnas shefasebuli.
